Dyspnea (HP:0002094)
Difficult or labored breathing. Dyspnea is a subjective feeling only the patient can rate, e.g., on a Borg scale.
Synonyms: Breathing difficulty, Difficult to breathe, Difficulty breathing, Shortness of breath, Trouble breathing, Dyspnoea, Panting, Abnormal breathing
Pubmed References: PMID:16914301
Cross References: MSH:D004417, SNOMEDCT_US:230145002, SNOMEDCT_US:267036007, UMLS:C0013404
KEGG Pathway
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction | 0.00001608 | 0.0001286 | 38.88 | 429.14 |
| 2 | Viral myocarditis | 0.02960 | 0.07518 | 37.53 | 132.12 |
| 3 | Cardiac muscle contraction | 0.04267 | 0.07518 | 25.72 | 81.12 |
| 4 | Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | 0.04411 | 0.07518 | 24.85 | 77.54 |
| 5 | Dilated cardiomyopathy | 0.04699 | 0.07518 | 23.27 | 71.15 |
GO: Biological Process
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | synaptic transmission, cholinergic (GO:0007271) | 1.217e-10 | 9.125e-9 | 887.78 | 20267.77 |
| 2 | neuromuscular junction development (GO:0007528) | 1.812e-7 | 0.000002880 | 407.53 | 6326.45 |
| 3 | atrial cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis (GO:0055009) | 0.002498 | 0.01338 | 555.17 | 3326.77 |
| 4 | muscle contraction (GO:0006936) | 2.535e-9 | 9.507e-8 | 160.21 | 3171.03 |
| 5 | neuromuscular process (GO:0050905) | 0.00003830 | 0.0003545 | 293.72 | 2987.15 |
GO: Molecular Function
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential (GO:0099529) | 1.878e-10 | 4.131e-9 | 783.25 | 17541.62 |
| 2 | transmitter-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential (GO:1904315) | 8.580e-10 | 9.438e-9 | 511.90 | 10686.61 |
| 3 | transmitter-gated ion channel activity (GO:0022824) | 1.451e-9 | 1.064e-8 | 443.56 | 9026.96 |
| 4 | postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor activity (GO:0098960) | 1.191e-7 | 6.068e-7 | 475.52 | 7581.26 |
| 5 | acetylcholine receptor activity (GO:0015464) | 1.379e-7 | 6.068e-7 | 450.47 | 7115.97 |
GO: Cellular Component
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | neuromuscular junction (GO:0031594) | 4.712e-12 | 5.654e-11 | 604.76 | 15772.67 |
| 2 | acetylcholine-gated channel complex (GO:0005892) | 3.267e-8 | 1.960e-7 | 778.40 | 13417.28 |
| 3 | ion channel complex (GO:0034702) | 5.841e-7 | 0.000002337 | 267.29 | 3836.51 |
| 4 | muscle myosin complex (GO:0005859) | 0.007476 | 0.01452 | 158.54 | 776.21 |
| 5 | voltage-gated sodium channel complex (GO:0001518) | 0.008469 | 0.01452 | 138.71 | 661.82 |
Hub genes predicted as biomarkers & predicted FDA approved drugs
| Hub Genes (ranked) | FDA-Approved Drugs |
| DOK7 | – |
| MUSK | – |
| RAPSN | – |
| CHRNE | SUCCINYLCHOLINE CHLORIDE, PIPECURONIUM BROMIDE, MIVACURIUM CHLORIDE, METOCURINE IODIDE, DOXACURIUM CHLORIDE, VECURONIUM BROMIDE, DECAMETHONIUM BROMIDE |
| COLQ | – |
| SCN4A | LEVOBUPIVACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE, BUPIVACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE |
| CHRNA1 | – |
| CHRNB1 | SUCCINYLCHOLINE CHLORIDE, PIPECURONIUM BROMIDE, MIVACURIUM CHLORIDE, METOCURINE IODIDE, DOXACURIUM CHLORIDE, VECURONIUM BROMIDE, DECAMETHONIUM BROMIDE |
| CHRND | SUCCINYLCHOLINE CHLORIDE, PIPECURONIUM BROMIDE, MIVACURIUM CHLORIDE, METOCURINE IODIDE, DOXACURIUM CHLORIDE, VECURONIUM BROMIDE, DECAMETHONIUM BROMIDE |
| MYH6 | – |
