Interlobular septal thickening (HP:0030879)
Presence of thickening of the interlobular septa of the lungs as seen on a CT scan.
Synonyms: Interlobular lines (pulmonary CT finding), Peripheral lines (pulmonary CT finding), Septal lines (pulmonary CT finding), Septal thickening (pulmonary CT finding), Short lines (pumonary CT finding), Interlobular septal thickening on pulmonary HRCT
Comment: Interlobular septa are 10-20nm long structures at the border of the secondary pulmonary lobules and which are usually perpendicular to the pleura in the periphery of the lung. Interlobular septa are composed of connective tissue and contain pulmonary venules and lymphatics. Diseases that affect one of the components of the interlobular septa may lead to thickening of the septa, which makes the visible on computed tomography (CT) scans. Some of the diseases that may be associated with this phenotypic feature are pulmonary edema, pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosis, leukemic or lymphomic involvement of the lung, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, Nieman-Pick disease, and pneumonia.
Pubmed References: PMID:23247773
Cross References: UMLS:C4280727
KEGG Pathway
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | TGF-beta signaling pathway | 7.834e-18 | 8.618e-17 | 925.77 | 36464.13 |
| 2 | Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction | 2.887e-16 | 1.588e-15 | 620.06 | 22186.23 |
| 3 | Hippo signaling pathway | 5.460e-11 | 2.002e-10 | 189.49 | 4477.76 |
| 4 | Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis | 0.00003804 | 0.00009108 | 62.57 | 636.72 |
| 5 | Basal cell carcinoma | 0.0004323 | 0.0007926 | 81.68 | 632.69 |
GO: Biological Process
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation (GO:0060393) | 1.850e-26 | 8.807e-24 | 199420.00 | 11816020.17 |
| 2 | BMP signaling pathway (GO:0030509) | 6.348e-26 | 1.511e-23 | 199350.00 | 11566105.39 |
| 3 | cellular response to BMP stimulus (GO:0071773) | 1.637e-25 | 2.598e-23 | 199290.00 | 11373779.66 |
| 4 | transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway (GO:0007178) | 1.197e-22 | 1.140e-20 | 198670.00 | 10028275.58 |
| 5 | positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation (GO:0010862) | 9.646e-24 | 1.148e-21 | 4725.47 | 250428.98 |
GO: Molecular Function
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | BMP receptor binding (GO:0070700) | 2.247e-11 | 2.772e-10 | 1480.07 | 36289.42 |
| 2 | transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase binding (GO:0070696) | 5.717e-11 | 5.288e-10 | 1109.89 | 26176.78 |
| 3 | cytokine activity (GO:0005125) | 3.764e-13 | 1.393e-11 | 278.65 | 7971.64 |
| 4 | transforming growth factor beta-activated receptor activity (GO:0005024) | 0.00001481 | 0.00009133 | 499.50 | 5554.53 |
| 5 | BMP binding (GO:0036122) | 0.00001481 | 0.00009133 | 499.50 | 5554.53 |
GO: Cellular Component
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | activin receptor complex (GO:0048179) | 0.003495 | 0.04214 | 370.07 | 2093.27 |
| 2 | spanning component of plasma membrane (GO:0044214) | 0.006482 | 0.04214 | 184.98 | 932.06 |
| 3 | spanning component of membrane (GO:0089717) | 0.009957 | 0.04315 | 116.79 | 538.34 |
| 4 | serine/threonine protein kinase complex (GO:1902554) | 0.01835 | 0.05964 | 61.59 | 246.23 |
| 5 | caveola (GO:0005901) | 0.02960 | 0.06771 | 37.53 | 132.12 |
Hub genes predicted as biomarkers & FDA approved drugs
| Hub Genes (ranked) | FDA-Approved Drugs |
| BMPR2 | – |
| ACVR1 | – |
| SMAD6 | – |
| BMP4 | – |
| BMP2 | – |
| BMP10 | – |
| BMP7 | PEGASPARGASE |
| GDF5 | – |
| BMP6 | – |
| GDF2 | – |
