Phonophobia (HP:0002183)
An abnormally heightened sensitivity to loud sounds.
Synonyms: Fear of loud sounds
Comment: Hyperacusis refers to a general hypersensitivity to sound of any frequency, and phonophobia to an anxious sensitivity towards specific sound largely independent of its volume. Hyperacusis and phonophobia represent disturbances of central auditory processing without peripheral pathology, often combined with psychosomatic reactions. Phonophobia is generally used to refer to discomfort caused by loud sounds rather than ‘fear’ of sounds as the etymology of the word might suggest.
Cross References: MSH:D012001, SNOMEDCT_US:313387002, UMLS:C0751466
KEGG Pathway
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | Cholesterol metabolism | 0.02473 | 0.06066 | 45.22 | 167.30 |
| 2 | Dopaminergic synapse | 0.06409 | 0.08011 | 16.84 | 46.28 |
| 3 | Endocytosis | 0.1191 | 0.1191 | 8.74 | 18.59 |
| 4 | PPAR signaling pathway | 0.03640 | 0.06066 | 30.32 | 100.44 |
| 5 | Primary bile acid biosynthesis | 0.008469 | 0.04235 | 138.71 | 661.82 |
GO: Biological Process
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | short-term memory (GO:0007614) | 0.002498 | 0.03666 | 555.17 | 3326.77 |
| 2 | regulation of catecholamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission (GO:0051940) | 0.002498 | 0.03666 | 555.17 | 3326.77 |
| 3 | vitamin D3 metabolic process (GO:0070640) | 0.002498 | 0.03666 | 555.17 | 3326.77 |
| 4 | detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain (GO:0062149) | 0.003495 | 0.03666 | 370.07 | 2093.27 |
| 5 | regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission (GO:0051584) | 0.003994 | 0.03666 | 317.19 | 1751.86 |
GO: Molecular Function
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | CD4 receptor binding (GO:0042609) | 0.003994 | 0.04475 | 317.19 | 1751.86 |
| 2 | outward rectifier potassium channel activity (GO:0015271) | 0.005488 | 0.04475 | 222.00 | 1155.57 |
| 3 | voltage-gated sodium channel activity (GO:0005248) | 0.01095 | 0.04475 | 105.66 | 476.99 |
| 4 | ion gated channel activity (GO:0022839) | 0.01293 | 0.04475 | 88.73 | 385.85 |
| 5 | kinesin binding (GO:0019894) | 0.01441 | 0.04475 | 79.21 | 335.86 |
GO: Cellular Component
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | sarcoglycan complex (GO:0016012) | 0.002498 | 0.03195 | 555.17 | 3326.77 |
| 2 | dystroglycan complex (GO:0016011) | 0.002997 | 0.03195 | 444.11 | 2580.41 |
| 3 | extrinsic component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0042406) | 0.003994 | 0.03195 | 317.19 | 1751.86 |
| 4 | trans-Golgi network transport vesicle (GO:0030140) | 0.007476 | 0.04065 | 158.54 | 776.21 |
| 5 | voltage-gated sodium channel complex (GO:0001518) | 0.008469 | 0.04065 | 138.71 | 661.82 |
Hub genes predicted as biomarkers & predicted FDA approved drugs
| Hub Genes (ranked) | FDA-Approved Drugs |
| SGCE | – |
| SCN1A | ETHOSUXIMIDE |
| KCNT1 | CLOFILIUM, LOXAPINE, QUINIDINE |
| KCTD17 | – |
| TOR1A | HALOPERIDOL |
| ENSP00000381231 | – |
| CYP27A1 | CHOLESTYRAMINE |
| CUX2 | RIFAMPIN |
| XK | – |
| SPG21 | – |
