Hepatic steatosis (HP:0001397)
Steatosis is a term used to denote lipid accumulation within hepatocytes.
Synonyms: Fatty infiltration of liver, Fatty liver, Liver steatosis, Steatosis
Comment: Although steatosis is the hallmark of the fatty liver disease, it is not a specific feature because it can be seen as part of other disease processes, such as drug injury, Wilson disease, or hepatitis C virus infection (especially genotype-3). Involvement of less than 5% of the hepatocytes by steatosis is considered clinically insignificant and within reference range. Based on the morphologic appearance and the size of the lipid droplets within the cytoplasm of the hepatocytes, steatosis is characterized as macrovesicular or microvesicular. Macrovesicular steatosis is characterized by large lipid droplets occupying the cytoplasm, displacing the nucleus to the periphery (large droplet macrovesicular steatosis) or multiple small lipid droplets of variable size occupying the cytoplasm with the nucleus maintaining its central location (small droplet macrovesicular steatosis). Microvesicular steatosis is characterized by innumerable tiny, relatively uniform lipid vacuoles that result in a bubbly appearance of the hepatocytes.
Pubmed References: PMID:31603713
Cross References: MSH:D005234, SNOMEDCT_US:197321007, SNOMEDCT_US:442191002, UMLS:C2711227
KEGG Pathway
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | Fatty acid degradation | 3.852e-9 | 6.933e-8 | 341.04 | 6607.62 |
| 2 | Butanoate metabolism | 0.00008446 | 0.0004372 | 191.96 | 1800.45 |
| 3 | beta-Alanine metabolism | 0.00009715 | 0.0004372 | 178.23 | 1646.74 |
| 4 | PPAR signaling pathway | 0.000005727 | 0.00005154 | 120.24 | 1451.28 |
| 5 | Propanoate metabolism | 0.0001252 | 0.0004506 | 155.92 | 1401.11 |
GO: Biological Process
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | carnitine transport (GO:0015879) | 0.000003371 | 0.00004551 | 1249.13 | 15739.23 |
| 2 | fatty acid beta-oxidation (GO:0006635) | 2.433e-11 | 1.314e-9 | 424.32 | 10370.14 |
| 3 | fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (GO:0033539) | 0.00001010 | 0.00009093 | 624.44 | 7182.69 |
| 4 | carnitine shuttle (GO:0006853) | 0.00001235 | 0.00009523 | 555.03 | 6273.06 |
| 5 | fatty acid oxidation (GO:0019395) | 1.415e-8 | 3.821e-7 | 241.64 | 4367.22 |
GO: Molecular Function
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity (GO:0003995) | 0.000008085 | 0.00009259 | 713.68 | 8368.26 |
| 2 | quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0015651) | 0.00001235 | 0.00009259 | 555.03 | 6273.06 |
| 3 | acyl carnitine transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0015227) | 0.002498 | 0.005825 | 555.17 | 3326.77 |
| 4 | carnitine O-acyltransferase activity (GO:0016406) | 0.002997 | 0.005825 | 444.11 | 2580.41 |
| 5 | 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity (GO:0003857) | 0.003495 | 0.005825 | 370.07 | 2093.27 |
GO: Cellular Component
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | mitochondrial membrane (GO:0031966) | 0.00005604 | 0.001233 | 27.99 | 274.03 |
| 2 | mitochondrial envelope (GO:0005740) | 0.001741 | 0.007661 | 39.73 | 252.41 |
| 3 | brush border membrane (GO:0031526) | 0.01835 | 0.05043 | 61.59 | 246.23 |
| 4 | intrinsic component of mitochondrial inner membrane (GO:0031304) | 0.01933 | 0.05043 | 58.34 | 230.20 |
| 5 | mitochondrial inner membrane (GO:0005743) | 0.0004815 | 0.003148 | 25.93 | 198.08 |
Hub genes predicted as biomarkers & predicted FDA approved drugs
| Hub Genes (ranked) | FDA-Approved Drugs |
| ACADS | – |
| ETFDH | METHYLPHENIDATE |
| CPT2 | – |
| HADH | – |
| SLC25A20 | – |
| ACOX1 | – |
| ACAD9 | – |
| SLC22A5 | IMATINIB |
| PLIN1 | SUFENTANIL CITRATE, CITRIC ACID, ALVERINE CITRATE, TOREMIFENE CITRATE |
| CIDEC | – |
