LONG COVID – Increased circulating lactate dehydrogenase concentration

Increased circulating lactate dehydrogenase concentration (HP:0025435)

An elevated level of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase in the blood circulation.

Synonyms:    Increased lactate dehydrogenase level

Comment:    Lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the interconversion of lactate and pyruvate.

KEGG Pathway

IndexNameP-valueAdjusted p-valueOdds RatioCombined score
1Vitamin digestion and absorption0.011940.0916696.46427.12
2Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis0.012930.0916688.73385.85
3Asthma0.015400.0916673.93308.54
4Allograft rejection0.018840.0916659.92237.98
5Bladder cancer0.020320.0916655.42215.92

GO: Biological Process

IndexNameP-valueAdjusted p-valueOdds RatioCombined score
1ammonium transport (GO:0015696)0.0000047190.0007957999.2512254.80
2ammonium transmembrane transport (GO:0072488)0.0000062900.0007957832.679972.50
3positive regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation (GO:0032831)0.0024980.02804555.173326.77
4folate transmembrane transport (GO:0098838)0.0024980.02804555.173326.77
5cyclic-GMP-AMP transmembrane import across plasma membrane (GO:0140361)0.0024980.02804555.173326.77

GO: Molecular Function

IndexNameP-valueAdjusted p-valueOdds RatioCombined score
1ammonium transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0008519)0.000010100.0003839624.447182.69
2folic acid transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0008517)0.0024980.01582555.173326.77
3carnitine O-acyltransferase activity (GO:0016406)0.0029970.01627444.112580.41
4CD4 receptor binding (GO:0042609)0.0039940.01634317.191751.86
5dicarboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0005310)0.000090700.001723184.841720.52

GO: Cellular Component

IndexNameP-valueAdjusted p-valueOdds RatioCombined score
1MHC class II protein complex (GO:0042613)0.0064820.05575184.98932.06
2SWI/SNF complex (GO:0016514)0.0094620.06117123.28574.57
3MHC protein complex (GO:0042611)0.0099570.06117116.79538.34
4lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0098553)0.013920.0664882.15351.18
5integral component of lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0071556)0.013920.0664882.15351.18

Hub genes predicted as biomarkers & predicted FDA approved drugs

Hub Genes (ranked)FDA-Approved Drugs
ACAD9
SLC7A7
CPT2
SLC25A13
RHAG
SLC19A1RALTITREXED, PEMETREXED, LEUCOVORIN
RB1FOSTAMATINIB, RIBOCICLIB, LORLATINIB
HLA-DRB1CLAVULANIC ACID, PITAVASTATIN
RHCE
PIGA