Fever (HP:0001945)
Body temperature elevated above the normal range.
Synonyms: Fever, Hyperthermia, Pyrexia
Comment: Fever has been defined as a state of elevated core temperature, which is often, but not necessarily, part of the defensive responses of multicellular organisms (host) to the invasion of live (microorganisms) or inanimate matter recognized as pathogenic or alien by the host. The febrile response (of which fever is a component) is a complex physiologic reaction to disease, involving a cytokine-mediated rise in core temperature, generation of acute phase reactants, and activation of numerous physiologic, endocrinologic, and immunologic systems. The rise in temperature during fever is to be distinguished from that occurring during episodes of hyperthermia. Unlike fever, hyperthermia involves an unregulated rise in body temperature in which pyrogenic cytokines are not directly involved and against which standard antipyretics are ineffective. It represents a failure of thermoregulatory homeostasis, in which there is uncontrolled heat production, inadequate heat dissipation, or defective hypothalamic thermoregulation.
Pubmed References: PMID:9759682
Cross References: MSH:D005334, SNOMEDCT_US:386661006, SNOMEDCT_US:50177009, UMLS:C0015967
KEGG Pathway
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | Primary immunodeficiency | 4.712e-12 | 1.838e-10 | 604.76 | 15772.67 |
| 2 | B cell receptor signaling pathway | 0.000007524 | 0.0001467 | 109.41 | 1290.72 |
| 3 | Hematopoietic cell lineage | 0.00001377 | 0.0001556 | 88.81 | 994.11 |
| 4 | T cell receptor signaling pathway | 0.00001596 | 0.0001556 | 84.39 | 932.17 |
| 5 | PD-L1 expression and PD-1 checkpoint pathway in cancer | 0.0008609 | 0.005123 | 57.19 | 403.64 |
GO: Biological Process
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | positive thymic T cell selection (GO:0045059) | 0.000002248 | 0.00007997 | 1665.58 | 21661.60 |
| 2 | lymphocyte differentiation (GO:0030098) | 9.479e-13 | 2.360e-10 | 382.92 | 10601.05 |
| 3 | B cell receptor signaling pathway (GO:0050853) | 1.451e-9 | 7.224e-8 | 443.56 | 9026.96 |
| 4 | B cell differentiation (GO:0030183) | 5.558e-11 | 6.920e-9 | 355.96 | 8405.46 |
| 5 | V(D)J recombination (GO:0033151) | 0.00001235 | 0.0003842 | 555.03 | 6273.06 |
GO: Molecular Function
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | phospholipase binding (GO:0043274) | 0.006979 | 0.06082 | 170.74 | 847.70 |
| 2 | endodeoxyribonuclease activity (GO:0004520) | 0.009957 | 0.06082 | 116.79 | 538.34 |
| 3 | phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate binding (GO:0080025) | 0.01194 | 0.06082 | 96.46 | 427.12 |
| 4 | phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate binding (GO:0043325) | 0.01293 | 0.06082 | 88.73 | 385.85 |
| 5 | protein tyrosine kinase activity (GO:0004713) | 0.001264 | 0.04803 | 46.90 | 312.97 |
GO: Cellular Component
| Index | Name | P-value | Adjusted p-value | Odds Ratio | Combined score |
| 1 | T cell receptor complex (GO:0042101) | 1.975e-8 | 3.358e-7 | 951.48 | 16879.14 |
| 2 | alpha-beta T cell receptor complex (GO:0042105) | 0.000003371 | 0.00002866 | 1249.13 | 15739.23 |
| 3 | early phagosome (GO:0032009) | 0.005985 | 0.01978 | 201.81 | 1032.95 |
| 4 | pericentric heterochromatin (GO:0005721) | 0.006979 | 0.01978 | 170.74 | 847.70 |
| 5 | clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle (GO:0045334) | 0.0007857 | 0.004452 | 59.96 | 428.66 |
Hub genes predicted as biomarkers & predicted FDA approved drugs
| Hub Genes (ranked) | FDA-Approved Drugs |
| CTLA4 | IPILIMUMAB, ABATACEPT |
| CD3E | MUROMMONAB-CD3, CATUMAXOMAB, BLINATUMOMAB |
| CD79A | – |
| IKZF1 | LENALIDOMIDE |
| CD79B | POLATUZUMAB VEDOTIN |
| RAG1 | – |
| RAG2 | – |
| CD3D | MUROMMONAB-CD3, CATUMAXOMAB, BLINATUMOMAB |
| SYK | FOSTAMATINIB |
| KIT | NILOTINIB, IMATINIB |
